Standard 4
Science
URL's: http://www.firn.edu/doe/curric/prek12/pdf/science9.pdf
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Processes of Life
Standard 1:
The
student describes patterns of structure and function in living
things. (SC.F.1.4) |
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| P.O. |
Book & Chapter |
page no.s |
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| 1. knows that the body processes
involve specific biochemical reactions governed by biochemical
principles. |
The Chemistry Of Life |
102-120 |
| Cellular Energetics |
124-127,
130 |
| Diet And Animal Nutrition |
156-157,
170-171,
175-177 |
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| 2. knows that body structures
are uniquely designed and adapted for their function. |
Diet and Animal Nutrition |
161-174,
176-177 |
| Cell Structure |
186-188,
190-192,
198 |
| Animal Transport Systems |
202-205,
212-213,
217 |
| Reproduction And Development |
226-228,
234-235 |
| Homeostasis And Excretion |
264-267 |
| Nerves, Muscles And Movement |
274-279,
285-286,
292-293,
296-297 |
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| 3. knows that membranes are sites for chemical
synthesis and essential energy conversions. |
Cell Membranes And Transport |
87-99 |
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| 4. understands that biological
systems obey the same laws of conservation as physical systems. |
The Chemistry Of Life |
113, 116 |
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| 5. knows that complex interactions among
the different kinds of molecules in the cell cause distinct cycles
of activity governed by proteins. |
Cellular Energetics |
124-125,
127-134 |
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| 6. knows that separate parts
of the body communicate with each other using electrical and/or
chemical signals. |
Homeostasis And Excretion |
252-255 |
| Nerves, Muscles And Movement |
272-274,
278-283 |
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| 7. knows that organisms respond
to internal and external stimuli. |
Homeostasis And Excretion |
247-251,
254-258,
268 |
| Nerves, Muscles And Movement |
272-273,
278-279,
284-289 |
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| 8. knows that cell behavior can
be affected by molecules from other parts of the organism or
even from other organisms. |
Pathogens And Disease |
22-23,
26,
31-35,
38 |
| Defense Against Infectious Disease |
50-53,
60-65 |
| Homeostasis And Excretion |
251 |
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Standard 2:
The student understands the process and importance of
genetic diversity. (SC.F.2.4) |
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| P.O. |
Book & Chapter |
page no.s |
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| 1. understands the mechanisms
of asexual and sexual reproduction and knows the different genetic
advantages and disadvantages of asexual and sexual reproduction. |
Genes And Chromosomes |
168-167,
172-173,
180-185 |
| Inheritance |
198 |
| The Mechanisms Of Evolution |
96,
103-115 |
| Reproduction And Development |
222-239 |
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| 2. knows that every cell contains a ÒblueprintÓ coded
in DNA molecules that specify how proteins are assembled to regulate
cells. |
Molecular Genetics |
140-157 |
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| 3. understands the mechanisms
of change (e.g., mutation and natural selection) that lead to
adaptations in a species and their ability to survive naturally
in changing conditions and to increase species diversity. |
Genes And Chromosomes |
168-167,
172-173,
179-188 |
| The Mechanisms Of Evolution |
95-132 |
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How Living Things Interact with Their Environment
Standard
1:
The student understands the competitive, interdependent,
cyclic nature of living things in the environment. (SC.G.1.4) |
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| P.O. |
Book & Chapter |
page no.s |
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| 1. knows of the great diversity
and interdependence of living things. |
Ecosystems |
266-285 |
| Energy Flow And Nutrient Cycles |
290-291 |
| Classification |
339-351 |
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| 2. understands how the flow of energy through
an ecosystem made up of producers, consumers, and decomposers
carries out the processes of life and that some energy dissipates
as heat and is not recycled. |
Energy Flow And Nutrient Cycles |
288-297 |
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| 3. knows that the chemical elements
that make up the molecules of living things are combined and
recombined in different ways. |
The Chemistry Of Life |
102-112 |
| Energy Flow And Nutrient
Cycles |
298-302 |
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Standard 2:
The student understands the
consequences of using limited natural resources. (SC.G.2.4) |
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| P.O. |
Book & Chapter |
page no.s |
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| 1. knows that layers of energy-rich organic
materials have been gradually turned into great coal beds and
oil pools (fossil fuels) by the pressure of the overlying earth
and that humans burn fossil fuels to release the stored energy
as heat and carbon dioxide. |
Human Impact And Conservation |
360-361,
367 |
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| 2. knows that changes in a component
of an ecosystem will have unpredictable effects on the entire
system but that the components of the system tend to react in
a way that will restore the ecosystem to its original condition. |
Ecosystems |
282-285 |
| Human Impact And Conservation |
370-376 |
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| 3. understands how genetic variation of
offspring contributes to population control in an environment
and that natural selection ensures that those who are best adapted
to their surroundings survive to reproduce. |
The Dynamics Of Populations |
306-320 |
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| 4. knows that the world ecosystems are
shaped by physical factors that limit their productivity. |
Ecosystems |
266-276 |
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| 5. understands that the amount of life
any environment can support is limited and that human activities
can change the flow of energy and reduce the fertility of the
Earth. |
Human Impact And Conservation |
354-376 |
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| 6. knows the ways in which humans today
are placing their environmental support systems at risk (e.g.,
rapid human population growth, environmental degradation, and
resource depletion). |
Human Impact And Conservation |
354-376 |
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The Nature of Science
Standard 1:
The
student uses the scientific processes and habits of mind to
solve problems. (SC.H.1.4) |
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| P.O. |
Book & Chapter |
page no.s |
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| 1. knows that investigations are conducted
to explore new phenomena, to check on previous results, to test
how well a theory predicts, and to compare different theories. |
Skills In Biology |
20-53 |
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| 2. knows that from time to time, major
shifts occur in the scientific view of how the world works, but
that more often the changes that take place in the body of scientific
knowledge are small modifications of prior knowledge. |
The Origin And Evolution Of Life |
70-89 |
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| 3. understands that no matter how well
one theory fits observations, a new theory might fit them as
well or better, or might fit a wider range of observations, because
in science, the testing, revising, and occasional discarding
of theories, new and old, never ends and leads to an increasingly
better understanding of how things work in the world, but not
to absolute truth. |
The Mechanisms Of Evolution |
94-95 |
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| 4. knows that scientists in any one research
group tend to see things alike and that therefore scientific
teams are expected to seek out the possible sources of bias in
the design of their investigations and in their data analysis. |
Aspects Of Biotechnology |
255-263 |
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| 5. understands that new ideas in science
are limited by the context in which they are conceived, are often
rejected by the scientific establishment, sometimes spring from
unexpected findings, and usually grow slowly from many contributors. |
The Mechanisms Of Evolution |
94-95 |
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| 6. understands that, in the short run,
new ideas that do not mesh well with mainstream ideas in science
often encounter vigorous criticism and that, in the long run,
theories are judged by how they fit with other theories, the
range of observations they explain, how well they explain observations,
and how effective they are in predicting new findings. |
The Mechanisms Of Evolution |
94-95 |
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| 7. understands the importance of a sense
of responsibility, a commitment to peer review, truthful reporting
of the methods and outcomes of investigations, and making the
public aware of the findings. |
Aspects Of Biotechnology |
238-239,
255-263 |
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Standard 2:
The student understands
that most natural events occur in comprehensible, consistent
patterns. (SC.H.2.4) |
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| P.O. |
Book & Chapter |
page no.s |
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| 1. knows that scientists assume that the
universe is a vast system in which basic rules exist that may
range from very simple to extremely complex, but that scientists
operate on the belief that the rules can be discovered by careful,
systemic study. |
Skills In Biology |
18-54 |
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| 2. knows that scientists control
conditions in order to obtain evidence, but when that is not
possible for practical or ethical reasons, they try to observe
a wide range of natural occurrences to discern patterns. |
Skills In Biology |
18-54 |
| Practical Ecology |
322-337 |
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Standard 3:
The student understands
that science, technology, and society are interwoven and interdependent.
(SC.H.3.4) |
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| P.O. |
Book & Chapter |
page no.s |
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| 1. knows that performance testing is often
conducted using small-scale models, computer simulations, or
analogous systems to reduce the chance of system failure. |
Practical Ecology |
322-337 |
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| 2. knows that technological problems often
create a demand for new scientific knowledge and that new technologies
make it possible for scientists to extend their research in a
way that advances science. |
Aspects Of Biotechnology |
230-263 |
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| 3. knows that scientists
can bring information, insights, and analytical skills to matters
of public concern and help people understand the possible causes
and effects of events. |
Aspects Of Biotechnology |
230-263 |
| Practical Ecology |
322-337 |
| Human Impact And Conservation |
354-276 |
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| 4. knows that funds for science research
come from federal government agencies, industry, and private
foundations and that this funding often influences the areas
of discovery. |
Aspects Of Biotechnology |
255-263 |
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| 5. knows that the value of a technology
may differ for different people and at different times. |
Aspects Of Biotechnology |
230-263 |
| Human Impact And Conservation |
354-376 |
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| 6. knows that scientific knowledge
is used by those who engage in design and technology to solve
practical problems, taking human values and limitations into
account. |
Practical Ecology |
322-337 |
| Human Impact And Conservation |
354-376 |
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